Sex
& Gender
An
Introduction (5th
Edition)
author:
Hilary M. Lips, Ph.D
| Preface xii | |
| PART
I: Myths, Theories, and Research Chapter 1 Masculinity and Femininity: Myths and Stereotypes 1  Sex Stereotypes 2 Sex or Gender: More Than a Question of Terminology? 5 “Sugar and Spice” or “Snips and Snails”: The Content of Gender Stereotypes 6 Beyond Personality Traits: The Many Faces of Gender Stereotypes 12 Different and Unequal? The Evaluative Aspects of Gender Stereotypes 17 Gender and Other Stereotypes: Race/Ethnicity, Class, Age, Appearance, Sexual Orientation, Disability 25 The Process of Stereotyping 39 How Gender Stereotypes and Prejudice Affect Us 42 Gender Stereotypes and the Research Process 46 Summary 52 Key Terms 53 Chapter 2 Theoretical Perspectives on Sex and Gender 54 Early Theories About Sex and Gender 55 Psychoanalytic/Identification Theories 57 Social Structure/Cultural Theories of Gender 71 Evolutionary Theories of Gender 75 Social Learning Theory/Social Cognitive Theory 82 Cognitive Theories 86 Social Interaction Process Theories 91 Perspectives on Difference 98 Summary 99 Key Terms 100 Chapter 3 Researching Sex and Gender: Exploring the Whys and Hows 101 Asking Questions About Gender: Science and the Search for Truth 102 What Differences and Similarities Exist: Methods for Comparing the Sexes 105 Why Gender Differences Exist: Nature, Nurture, and the Interactionist Position 119 Biases and Pitfalls: Problems Encountered in the Study of Sex and Gender 124 Science and Androcentrism 137 A Transformational Psychology of Gender? 141 Summary 141 Key Terms 143 PART II: Behavior & Experience: Female-Male Similarities and Differences Chapter 4 Worlds Apart? Gender Differences in Social Behavior and Experience 144 Now You See It, Now You Don’t: Gender Differences in Context 145 Gender Differences in Social Behavior: A Sampling of Current Findings 146 What Happened to the Differences? 165 Summary 171 Key Terms 171 Chapter 5 Biology and Environment: The Process of Becoming Female or Male 172 The Biological Process of Sexual Differentiation 174 Do Physical Sex Differences Have Implications for Behavior? 182 Gender-Role Variations in Normal Development 192 Gender Identity 200 Sexual Orientation 209 Summary 211 Key Terms 213 Chapter 6 Perceptual and Cognitive Abilities: Gender Similarities and Differences 214 The Greater Male Variability Hypothesis 215 Gender Differences in Intellectual Performance 217 Explaining the Differences 229 Summary 249 Key Terms 250 Chapter 7 Sexual Lives and Orientations 251 The Double Standard 252 The Physiology of Sexual Response 253 Sexual Activity 267 Sexual Orientation 283 Sexuality and Power: Erotica, Pornography, and Coercive Sexuality 289 Summary 299 Key Terms 300 |
Part II: Continued Chapter 8 Hormonal and Reproductive Connections 301 The Menstrual Cycle 303 Hormones and the Male Experience 319 Pregnancy and Childbirth 322 Menopause 338 Summary 342 Key Terms 343 PART III: Sex and Gender in Social Relationships Chapter 9 Mental and Physical Health: Stress, Change, and Adaptations 344 Vulnerability and Strength 345 Gender and Physical Health 351 Women, Men, and Mental Illness 363 Gender and Mental Health 375 Summary 389 Key Terms 389 Chapter 10 Sex and Gender in Childhood: Constructing Gender 390 “Getting the Word”: Sources of Early Gender Learning 392 Constructing an Identity: The Relational and Individual Self 403 Friendship 406 Achievement 412 Summary 423 Key Terms 424 Chapter 11 Family and Friends: Attachment, Intimacy, and Power 425 Close Relationships in Adulthood 426 Marriage: The Intimate Economic Partnership 443 Women and Men as Parents 452 Summary 458 Key Terms 459 Chapter 12 Economic and Political Life: Power, Status, and Achievement 460 Where We Are Now: A Shortage of Women at the Top 461 Motivation: The Driving Force? 464 Defining Achievement and Power 468 Access to Resources 471 Resources, Strategies, and Political Power 482 Power in Organizations and Institutions 484 Maintaining the Status Quo: How Hierarchies Perpetuate Themselves 486 Summary 490 Key Terms 491 Chapter 13 Issues in the Workplace 492 Division of Labor by Sex 493 Sex Discrimination 504 Two Spheres in Contact: The Interaction of Family and Employment Issues 514 Work, Sexuality, and Power 521 Summary 528 Key Terms 530 Chapter 14 Justice, Equity, and Social Change 531 Gender and Conceptions of Justice 532 Gender and the Law 547 Social Change: Justice for All? 557 Summary 563 Key Terms 565 Epilogue The Ties That Bind: The Future of Sex and Gender 566 Glossary 569 References 577 Author Index J-1 Subject Index J-15 Credits C-1 For ordering information, click on: McGraw-Hill Catalog for Sex & Gender |
